ABSTRACT
Background: Head and Neck cancer (HNC) is a recognized major public health concern all over the world Objectives: To study age and gender predilection and clinical profile of Head & Neck Cancers Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study including 21121 patients with Head & Neck Cancer presented to tertiary care centre, Ahmadabad. Patients' details of age, sex, site of carcinoma, stage at presentation and Outcome were recorded. The data was analyzed using MS office excel 2010 and Epi info software version 7.0. Result: Male to female ratio was 4.8:1. The most common site of presentation of tumour was in cheek mucosa (29.01 %). On comparison of different anatomical sites, majority of patients were presented in locally advanced stage. Significant association (p<0.05) was found between presentation of disease and literacy status. Overall 5 - year survival rate was 60.5% � 1.6% when disease was localized. Conclusion: Majority of patients diagnosed in locally advanced stage. Strategies for the early diagnosis and prevention of Head & Neck cancer must be undertaken by government to overcome this situation.
ABSTRACT
Atherosclerosis being considered as an inflammatory disorder, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, aspirin, and celecoxib) in hypercholesterolemia. Ibuprofen is a cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitor known to reduce the production of prostaglandins that play prominent role in inflammation. Beside the anti-inflammatory effects that make ibuprofen interesting for the treatment of condition associated with hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis. Various other properties of ibuprofen were investigated, ibuprofen showed better reduction in total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low density lipo-protein, low density lipo-protein and atherogenic index than aspirin and celecoxib in hypercholesterolemic animals. These properties of ibuprofen may be due to inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase initiating the synthesis of fatty acids. Ibuprofen significantly elevated antioxidant (super oxide dismutase; catalase) levels and reduced lipid peroxidation. Ibuprofen inhibits COX enzymes and thereby inhibits generation of free radicals during prostaglandins synthesis, which may be responsible for reduction in lipid peroxidation, super oxide dismutase levels and for high catalase levels. Interestingly, ibuprofen decreased total leukocyte count, monocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels. From the results of present study, it can be concluded that ibuprofen (non-selective COX inhibitor) showed promising antihyperlipidemic, antiatherosclerotic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and non-ulcerogenic activity in atherosclerotic animals as compared to aspirin (preferential COX-1 inhibitor) and celecoxib (selective COX-2 inhibitors, suggesting the inducible role of COX in atherosclerosis.